QFD provides a systematic approach towards
prioritizing requirements of our customers, when to implement and why. QFD
basically aims at planning and problem preventing technique.
History-
QFD stands for Quality Function Deployment which
was developed by Prof. Yoji Akao in 1966. Mostly it was used in engineering
field. It is defined as a “method to transform user demands into design quality
to deploy the functions forming quality and to deploy methods for achieving the
design quality and ultimately to specific elements of the manufacturing
process”.
Objective-
The objectives of QFD are-
To understand
- use of QFD design of product
- methodology of QFD and House of quality.
- use of QFD design of product
- methodology of QFD and House of quality.
QFD phases-
QFD level 1- system
Process definition-
1. Collection
of VOC
2. Translating
VOC into product specifications
3. Competitive
analysis
4. Initial
design concept- product performance and specification
QFD level2 – system
Product Development-
1. The
critical parts and assemblies are identified
2. Critical
part and assembly specs.
3. Specification
are then defined
QFD level3- component
Process development-
1. Designed
manufacturing and assembly processes
2. Developed
process flow
3. Identified
critical process characteristics
QFD level 4-
production process control
Process quality control-
1. Process
parameters are determined
2. Process
controls are developed and implemented
3. Full
production begins upon completion of process capability studies.
Steps to build the House
of Quality in brief are-
1. Identify
your customer requirements and Prioritize customers
A structured list of requirements derived from the
customer statements/ feedback.
2. Identify
relevant and measurable product characteristics to satisfy your customer
requirements
3. Planning
matrix.
Illustrates customer perceptions observed in
market surveys. It includes relative importance of customer requirements,
company and competitor performance in meeting these requirements.
4. Interrelationships
or correlation matrix
It illustrates the QFD team’s perceptions of
interrelationships between technical and customer requirements. An illustration
using symbols or figures are recommended for appropriate scale analyses.
5. Technical
correlation (Roof) matrix
It is used to identify where technical
requirements support or impede each other in the product design. It highlights
innovation opportunities.
6. Technical
priorities, benchmarks and targets.
These are used to record the priorities assigned
to technical requirements by the matrix. It evaluated degree of difficulty
involved in developing each requirement.
Final output- a set of target values for each
technical requirement to be met by the new design linked to requirements of
customer.
Example-
Benefits of QFD-
- The process
is entirely focused on customer requirements
- Encourages team efforts and acts as a team builder
- Improves product and service quality
- Minimizes costs on wastes
- Encourages team efforts and acts as a team builder
- Improves product and service quality
- Minimizes costs on wastes
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